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Systematic classification and distribution
Class: Birds
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Certhiidae
Kind: Certhia
Species: C. brachydactyla Brehm, 1820
It is found in Eurasia (except in the Scandinavian peninsula) and in the northern islands; in the south it can go as far as north Africa.
In Italy it is visible in all regions (except in Sardinia), where there are woods and forests between 1000 and 2000 meters above sea level, but also in city parks.
The following subspecies are known:
- C. b. megarhynchos Brehm, 1831
- C. brachydactyla Brehm, 1820
- C. Mauritanica Witherby, 1905
- C. dorotheae Hartert, 1904
- C. stresemanni Kummerlöwe Niethammer, 1934
- C. rossocaucasica Stepanyan, 2000
Common vine - Certhia brachydactyla (photo https://naturfotografen-forum.de)
Common vine - Certhia brachydactyla (photo http://bird-guide.l-studio.gr)
Common Rampichino eggs - Certhia brachydactyla mauritanica
(Certhia brachydactyla mauritanica Witherby, 1905, Souk Ahras by Didier Descouens - Own work. Licensed by CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Certhia_brachydactyla_mauritanica_Witherby ,_1905hr_sk_## /media/File:Certhia_brachydactyla_mauritanica_Witherby,_1905,_Souk_Ahras.jpg)
Distinctive characters
Length: 12cm
Wingspan: 19-20 cm
Average weight: 10 ranges
It is characterized by a superior dark brown plumage with whitish spots and stripes, while below it is white with brown sides. It is an extremely mimetic bird, so much so that if it stands still you cannot distinguish it against the bottom of a bark.
Biology
It is a typically sedentary bird that loves to frequent gardens and groves, where it climbs on trunks and branches, and is very close to the environment of broad-leaved trees, especially along waterways, even if it is sometimes found in coniferous woods. it also holds on cultivated land.
It nests twice a year, between March and April and in June, and builds its nest in the holes and in the splits of the trunks, between the ledera or behind large pieces of bark. The female lays 7 to 9 eggs, white and dotted with red, which are hatched by both spouses.
